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以下是2016年考研英语二试卷真题答案及解析

Section Ⅰ Use of English
　　Directions:
　　Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A],[B],[C]or[D] on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)
　　Happy people work differently. They’re more productive, more creative, and willing to take greater risks. And new research suggest that happiness might influence 1 firms work, too.
　　Companies located in places with happier people invest more, according to a recent research paper.2, firms in happy places spend more on R&D ( research and development ). That’s because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking 3 for making investments for the future.
　　The researchers wanted to know if the 4 and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would 5 the way companies invested. So they compared U.S. cities’ average happiness 6 by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas.
　　7 enough, firms’ investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were 8.But is it really happiness that’s linked to investment, or could something else about happier cities 9 why firms there spend more on R&D? To find out, the researchers controlled for various 10 that might make firms more likely to invest – like size, industry, and sales – and for indicators that a place was 11 to live in, like growth in wages or population. The link between happiness and investment generally 12 even after accounting for these things.
　　The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for younger firms, which the authors 13 to “less codified decision making process”and the possible presence of “younger and less 14 managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment.” The relationship was 15 stronger in places where happiness was spread more 16.Firms seem to invest more in places where most people are relatively happy, rather than in places with happiness inequality.
　　17 this doesn’t prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a longer-term view, the authors believe it at least 18 at that possibility. It’s not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help 19 how executives think about the future. “It surely seems plausible that happy people would be more forward-thinking and creative and 20 R&D more than the average,” said one researcher.
　　参考答案：
　　C 1.[A] why [B] where [C] how [D] when
　　B 2.[A] In return[B] In particular [C] In contrast[D] In conclusion
　　D 3. [A] sufficient[B] famous [C] perfect [D] necessary
  　C 4. [A] individualism [B] modernism[C] optimism [D] realism
　　D 5. [A] echo[B] miss[C] spoil [D] change
　　B 6. [A] imagined [B] measured [C] invented [D] assumed
　　A 7. [A] Sure[B] Odd [C] Unfortunate [D] Often
　　D 8. [A] advertised[B] divided [C] overtaxed [D] headquartered
　　A 9. [A] explain [B] overstate [C] summarize [D] emphasize
　　B10. [A] stages [B] factors [C] levels [D] methods
　　A11. [A] desirable [B] sociable [C] reputable [D] reliable
　　C12. [A] resumed [B] held [C]emerged [D] broke
　　A13. [A] attribute [B] assign [C] transfer [D]compare
　　D14. [A] serious [B] civilized [C] ambitious [D]experienced
　　A15. [A] thus [B] instead [C] also [D] never
　　D16. [A] rapidly [B] regularly [C] directly [D] equally
　　C17. [A] After [B] Until [C] While [D] Since
　　C18. [A] arrives [B] jumps [C] hints [D] strikes
　　A19. [A] shape [B] rediscover [C] simplify [D] share
　　B20. [A] pray for [B] lean towards [C] give away [D] send out

     下面是2016英语二新题型答案及解析：(此类型属于小标题选择型)
　　Directions:
　　Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs(41-45).There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.
　　[A]Be silly
　　[B]Have fun
   　[C]Express your emotions
　　[D]Don't overthink it
　　[E]Be easily pleased
　　[F]Notice things
　　[G]Ask for help
　　As adults,it seems that we are constantly pursuing happiness,often with mixed results.Yet children appear to have it down to an art-and for the most part they don't need self-help books or therapy.instead,they look after their wellbeing instinctively,and usually more effectively than we do as grownups.Perhaps it's time to learn a few lessons from them.

      41._______C_______
　　What does a child do when he's sad?He cries.When he's angry?He shouts.Scared?Probably a bit of both.As we grow up,we learn to control our emotions so they are manageable and don't dictate our behaviours,which is in many ways a good thing.But too often we take this process too far and end up suppressing emotions,especially negative ones.that's about as effective as brushing dirt under a carpet and can even make us ill.What we need to do is find a way to acknowledge and express what we feel appropriately,and then-again.like children-move.
　　42.______E_______
　　A couple of Christmases ago,my youngest stepdaughter,who was nine years old at the time ,got a Superman T-shirt for Christmas.It cost less than a fiver but she was overjoyed,and couldn't stop talking about it.Too often we believe that a new job,bigger house or better car will be the magic silver bullet that will allow us to finally be content,but the reality is these things have very little lasting impact on our happiness levels.instead,being grateful for small things every day is a much better way to improve wellbeing.
　　43._________A_____________
　　Have you ever noticed how much children laugh?If we adults could indulge in a bit of silliness and giggling,we would reduce the stress hormones in our bodies increase good hormones like endorphins,improve blood flow to our hearts and even have a greater chance of fighting off enfection.All of which,of course,have a positive effect on happiness levels.
　　44.________B___________
　　The problem with being a grown up is that there's an awful lot of serious stuff to deal with-work,mortgage payments,figuring out what to cook for dinner.But as adults we also have the luxury of being able to control our own diaries and it's important that we schedule in time to enjoy the things we love.Those things might be social,sporting,creative or completely random(dancing aroud the living room,anyone?)--it doesn't matter,so long as they're enjoyable, and not likely to have negative side effects,such as drinking too much alcohol or going on a wild spending spree if you're on a tight budget.
　　45.________D___________
　　Having said all of the above,it's important to add that we shouldn't try too hard to be happy.Scientists tell us this can backfire and actually have a negative impact on our wellbeing. As the Chinese philosopher Chuang Tzu is reported to have said:"Happiness is the absence of striving for happiness."And in that,once more,we need to look to the example of our children,to whom happiness is not a goal but a natural by product of the way they live.
　　解析：本文主要讲的是成年人不断追求幸福，但是结果往往是不清楚。然而孩子们却有着幸福的结果，我们要像孩子们学习。
　　41.答案选C。该段由孩子们对伤心、生气和恐惧的表现来说明要我们要表达情感。该段中control our emotions ， suppressing emotions和express what we feel都是对选项C意思的表达。故而选C。
　　42.答案E。该段主要讲要对小事心存感激，这样也可提升幸福感。段落中being grateful和选项E中Be easily pleased是同义替换，故选E。
　　43.答案选A。该段主要讲留意孩子们的笑声，我们大人也要学会傻傻的笑，这样也可以提升幸福的水平。段落中a bit of silliness 和选项E中Be silly，故选A。
　　44.答案选B。该段主要讲成人们有太多的事情要去处理，而我们要学会去享受我们所爱的事情。段落中enjoy the things we love.和enjoyable,选项B中]Be easily pleased是同义替换，故选B。
　　45.答案选D。该段主要讲我们不应该过度追求幸福。段落中答案选B。该段主要讲成人们有太多的事情要去处理，而我们要学会去享受我们所爱的事情。段落中we shouldn't try too hard to be happy.和 happiness is not a goal but a natural by product of the way they live.和选项D中Don't overthink it是同义替换，故选D。

      翻译试题来源：《国家地理》National Geographic
　　原文标题：Surviving the Sneaky Psychology of Supermarkets
　　文章主题：超市购物的心理学
　　发表时间：2015年6月15日
　　文章字数：146字，算历年字数较少的一年
　　原文和逐句对照译文
　　The supermarket is designed to lure customers into spending as much time as possible within its doors. The reason for this is simple: The longer you stay in the store, the more stuff you’ll see, and the more stuff you see, the more you’ll buy. And supermarkets contain a lot of stuff. The average supermarket, according to the Food Market Institute, carries some 44,000 different items, and many carry tens of thousands more. The sheer volume of available choice is enough to send shoppers into a state of information overload. According to brain-scan experiments, the demands of so much decision-making quickly become too much for us. After about 40 minutes of shopping, most people stop struggling to be rationally selective, and instead began shopping emotionally—which is the point at which we accumulate the 50 percent of stuff in our cart that we never intended buying.
　　逐句对照译文：
　　The supermarket is designed to lure customers into spending as much time as possible within its doors.
　　超市旨在吸引顾客在店里停留尽量长的时间。
　　The reason for this is simple: The longer you stay in the store, the more stuff you’ll see, and the more stuff you see, the more you’ll buy.
　　原因非常简单：顾客在店里停留的时间越长，看到的商品越多；看到的商品越多，买的越多。
　　And supermarkets contain a lot of stuff.
　　超市陈列了大量的商品。
　　The average supermarket, according to the Food Market Institute, carries some 44,000 different items, and many carry tens of thousands more.
　　根据食品推广协会的调查，一般超市里有约44000种不同的商品；大多数超市都有上万种。
　　The sheer volume of available choice is enough to send shoppers into a state of information overload.
　　如此众多的选择足以使顾客面对的信息过于繁杂。
　　According to brain-scan experiments, the demands of so much decision-making quickly become too much for us.
　　根据脑部扫描实验，需要快速的做这么多的决定就会使我们太累。
　　After about 40 minutes of shopping, most people stop struggling to be rationally selective, and instead began shopping emotionally—which is the point at which we accumulate the 50 percent of stuff in our cart that we never intended buying.
　　大约购物40分钟以后，大多人就不会拼命去做出理性的选择，取而代之的是冲动购物——此时，在购物车里，我们已经装了一半根本没想买的东西。

     小作文 Directions:
　　Suppose you won a translation contest and your friend, Jack, wrote an email to congratulate you and ask for advice on translation. Write him a reply to
　　1) thank him, and
　　2) give advice.
　　You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.
　　Do not sign your own name at the end of the text. Use "Li Ming" instead.
　　Do not write the address.(10 points)
　　参考范文：
　　Dear Jack,
　　Thank you for your warm congratulation on my winning the translation contest. Now I will give you some advice on translation.
　　To begin with, you should have an earnest interest in translation, for, just as Einstein says, interest is the best teacher. Besides, you should have an extensive reading on the two languages, because accurate translation demands that you should have a good grasp of the two languages and the culture related to the two languages. Moreover, you should grasp essential translation techniques, which will facilitate the translating process.
　　I hope that you can acquire some more understanding of translation via my advice.
　　Yours sincerely,
　　Li Ming

大作文

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