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2021年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）试题及答案
考试采取“一题多卷”模式，试题答案顺序不统一，请依据试题进行核对。
Section I Use
of English
Directions:
Read the following
text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on
the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
Fluid intelligence is
the type of intelligence that has to do with short-term memory and the ability
to think quickly, logically, and abstractly in order to solve new problems. It
_____(1)in young
adulthood, levels out for a period of time, and then_____(2)starts to slowly
decline as we age. But_____(3)aging is inevitable, scientists are finding that
certain changes in brain function may not be.
One study found that
muscle loss and the_____(4)of body fat around the abdomen are associated with a
decline in fluid intelligence. This suggests the_____(5)that lifestyle factors
might help prevent or_____(6)this type of decline.
The researchers looked
at data that_____(7)measurements of lean muscle and abdominal fat from more
than 4,000 middle-to-older-aged men and women and_____(8)that data to reported
changes in fluid intelligence over a six-year period. They found that
middle-aged people_____(9)higher measures of abdominal fat_____(10)worse on
measures of fluid intelligence as the years_____(11).
For women, the
association may be_____(12)to changes in immunity that resulted from excess
abdominal fat; in men, the immune system did not appear to be_____(13)It is
hoped that future studies could_____(14)these differences and perhaps lead to
different_____(15)for men and women.
_____(16)there are steps
you can_____(17)to help reduce abdominal fat and maintain lean muscle mass as
you age in order to protect both your physical and mental _____(18). The two
highly recommended lifestyle approaches are maintaining or increasing
your_____(19)of aerobic exercise and following Mediterranean-style_____(20)that
is high in fiber and eliminates highly processed foods.
1.【题干】1._____
【选项】
A.pauses
B.return
C.peaks
D.fades
【答案】C
2.【题干】2._____
【选项】
A.alternatively
B.formally
C.accidentally
D.generally
【答案】D
3.【题干】3._____
【选项】
A.while
B.since
C.once
D.until
【答案】A
4.【题干】4._____
【选项】
A.detection
B.accumulation
C.consumption
D.separation
【答案】B
5.【题干】5._____
【选项】
A.possibility
B.decision
C.goal
D.requirement
【答案】A
6.【题干】6._____
【选项】
A.delay
B.ensure
C.seek
D.utilize
【答案】A
7.【题干】7._____
【选项】
A.modify
B.supported
C.included
D.predicted
【答案】C
8.【题干】8._____
【选项】
A.devoted
B.compared
C.converted
D.applied
【答案】B
9.【题干】9._____
【选项】
A.with
B.above
C.by
D.against
【答案】A
10.【题干】10._____
【选项】
A.above
B.managed
C.scored
D.played
【答案】C
11.【题干】11._____
【选项】
A.ran out
B.set off
C.drew in
D.went by
【答案】D
12.【题干】12._____
【选项】
A.superior
B.attributable
C.parallel
D.resistant
【答案】B
13.【题干】13._____
【选项】
A.restored
B.isolated
C.involved
D.controlled
【答案】C
14.【题干】14._____
【选项】
A.alter
B.spread
C.remove
D.explain
【答案】D
15.【题干】15._____
【选项】
A.compensations
B.symptoms
C.demands
D.treatments
【答案】D
16.【题干】16._____
【选项】
A.Likewise
B.Meanwhile
C.Therefore
D.Instead
【答案】B
17.【题干】17._____
【选项】
A.change
B.watch
C.count
D.take
【答案】D
18.【题干】18._____
【选项】
A.well-being
B.process
C.formation
D.coordination
【答案】A
19.【题干】19._____
【选项】
A.level
B.love
C.knowledge
D.space
【答案】A
20.【题干】20._____
【选项】
A.design
B.routine
C.diet
D.prescription
【答案】C
Section II
Reading Comprehension Part A
Directions: Read the
following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C
or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)
How can the train
operators possibly justify yet another increase to rail passenger fares? It has
become a grimly reliable annual ritual: every January the cost of travelling by
train rises, imposing a significant extra burden on those who have no option
but to use the rail network to get to work or otherwise. This year's rise, an
average of 2.7 per cent, may be a fraction lower than last year's, but it is
still well above the official Consumer Price Index (CPI) measure of inflation.
Successive governments
have permitted such increases on the grounds that the cost of investing in and
running the rail network should be borne by those who use it, rather than the
general taxpayer. Why, the argument goes, should a car-driving pensioner from
Lincolnshire have to subsidise the daily commute of a stockbroker from Surrey?
Equally there is a sense that the travails of commuters in the South East, many
of whom will face among the biggest rises, have received too much attention
compared to those who must endure the relatively poor infrastructure of the
Midlands and the North.
However, over the
past12 months, those commuters have also experienced some of the worst rail
strikes in years. It is all very well train operators trumpeting the
improvements they are making to the network, but passengers should be able to
expect a basic level of service for the substantial sums they are now paying to
travel. The responsibility for the latest wave of strikes rests on the unions.
However, there is a strong case that those who have been worst affected by
industrial action should receive compensation for the disruption they have
suffered.
The Government has
pledged to change the law to introduce a minimum service requirement so that,
even when strikes occur, services can continue to operate. This should form
part of a wider package of measures to address the long-running problems on
Britain's railways. Yes, more investment is needed, but passengers will not be
willing to pay more indefinitely if they must also endure cramped, unreliable
services, punctuated by regular chaos when timetables are changed, or planned
maintenance is managed incompetently. The threat of nationalisation may have
been seen off for now, but it will return with a vengeance if the justified
anger of passengers is not addressed in short order.
21.【题干】The author holds that this year's increase in rail passengers
fares_____.
【选项】
A.will ease train operation's'
burden.
B.has kept pace with
inflation.
C.is a big surprise to
commuters.
D.remains an
unreasonable measure.
【答案】D
22.【题干】The stockbroker in 2 is used to stand for_____.
【选项】
A.car drivers
B.rail travellers
C.local investors
D.ordinary taxpayers
【答案】B
23.【题干】It is indicated in 3 that train operators_____.
【选项】
A.are offering
compensations to commuters.
B.are trying to repair
relations with the unions.
C.have failed to
provide an adequate service.
D.have suffered huge
losses owing to the strikes.
【答案】C
24.【题干】If unable to calm down passengers, the railways may have to
face_____.
【选项】
A.the loss of
investment.
B.the collapse of
operations.
C.a reduction of
revenue
D.a change of
ownership.
【答案】D
25.【题干】Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
【选项】
A.Who Are to Blame for
the Strikes?
B.Constant Complaining
Doesn't Work
C.Can Nationalization
Bring Hope?
D.Ever-rising Fares
Aren't Sustainable
【答案】D
Last year marked the
third year in a row of that Indonesia’s bleak rate of deforestation has slowed
in pace. One reason for the turnaround may be the country's antipoverty
program.
In 2007, Indonesia
started phasing in program that gives money to its poorest residents under
certain conditions, such as requiring people to keep kids in school or get
regular medical care. Called conditional cash transfers or CCTs, these social
assistance programs are designed to reduce inequality and break the cycle of
poverty. They're already used in dozens of countries worldwide. In Indonesia,
the program has provided enough food and medicine to substantially reduce
severe growth problems among children.
But CCT programs don't
generally consider effects on the environment. In fact, poverty alleviation and
environmental protection are often viewed as conflicting goals, says Paul
Ferraro, an economist at Johns Hopkins University.
That's because economic
growth can be correlated with environmental degradation, while protecting the
environment is sometimes correlated with greater poverty. However, those
correlations don't prove cause and effect. The only previous study analyzing
causality, based on an area in Mexico that had instituted CCTs, supported the
traditional view. There, as people got more money, some of them may have more
cleared land for cattle to raise for meat, Ferraro says.
Such programs do not
have to negatively affect the environment, though. Ferraro wanted to see if
Indonesia's poverty-alleviation program was affecting deforestation. Indonesia
has the third-largest area of tropical forest in the world and one of the
highest deforestation rates.
Ferraro analyzed
satellite data showing annual forest loss from 2008 to 2012-including during
Indonesia's phase-in of the antipoverty program-in 7, 468 forested villages
across 15 provinces and multiple islands. The duo separated the effects of the
CCT program on forest loss from other factors, like weather and macroeconomic
changes, which were also affecting forest loss. With that, "we see that
the program is associated with a 30 percent reduction in deforestation,"
Ferraro says.
That's likely because
the rural poor are using the money as makeshift insurance policies against
inclement weather, Ferraro says. Typically, if rains are delayed, people may
clear land to plant more rice to supplement their harvests. With the CCTs,
individuals instead can use the money to supplement their harvests.
Whether this research
translates elsewhere is anybody's guess. Ferraro suggests the importance of
growing rice and market access. And regardless of transferability, the study shows
that what's good for people may also be good for the value of the avoided
deforestation just for carbon dioxide emissions alone is more than the program
costs.
26.【题干】According to the first two paragraphs, CCT programs aim to_____.
【选项】
A.facilitate health
care reform.
B.help poor families
get better off.
C.improve local
education systems.
D.lower deforestation
rates.
【答案】B
27.【题干】The study based on an area in Mexico is cited to show that_____.
【选项】
A.cattle rearing has
been a major means of livelihood for the poor.
B.CCT programs have he
helped preserve traditional lifestyles.
C.antipoverty efforts
require the participation of local farmers.
D.economic growth tends
to cause environmental degradation.
【答案】D
28.【题干】In his study about Indonesia, Ferraro intends to find out_____.
【选项】
A.its acceptance level
of CCTs.
B.its annual rate of
poverty alleviation.
C.the relation of ccts
to its forest loss.
D.the role of its
forests in climate change.
【答案】C
29.【题干】According to Ferraro, the CCT program in Indonesia is most valuable
in that_____.
【选项】
A.it will benefit other
Asian countries.
B.it will reduce
regional inequality.
C.it can protect the
environment.
D.it can boost grain
production.
【答案】C
30.【题干】What is the text centered on?
【选项】
A.The effects of a
program.
B.The debates over a
program.
C.The process of a
study.
D.The transferability
of a study.
【答案】A
As a historian who's
always searching for the text or the image that makes us re-evaluate the past,
I've become preoccupied with looking for photographs that show our Victorian
ancestors smiling (what better way to shatter the image of 19th-century
prudery?). I've found quite a few, and- since I started posting them on
Twitter-they have been causing quite stir. People have been surprised to see
evidence that Victorians had fun and could, and did, laugh. They are noting
that the Victorians suddenly seem to become more human as the hundred-or-so
years that separate us fade away through our common experience of laughter.
Of course, I need to
concede that my collection of 'Smiling Victorians' makes up only a tiny
percentage of the vast catalogue of photographic portraiture created between
1840 and 1900, the majority of which show sitters posing miserably and stiffly
in front of painted backdrops, or staring absently into the middle distance.
How do we explain this trend?
During the 1840s and
1850s, in the early days of photography, exposure times were notoriously long:
the daguerreotype photographic method (producing an image on a silvered copper
plate) could take several minutes to complete, resulting in blurred images as
sitters shifted position or adjusted their limbs. The thought of holding a
fixed grin as the camera performed its magical duties was too much to
contemplate, and so a non-committal blank stare became the norm.
But exposure times were
much quicker by the 1880s, and the introduction of the Box Brownie and other
portable cameras meant that, though slow by today's digital standards, the
exposure was almost instantaneous. Spontaneous smiles were relatively easy to
capture by the 1890s, so we must look elsewhere for an explanation of why
Victorians still hesitated to smile.
One explanation might
be the loss of dignity displayed through a cheesy grin. “Nature gave us lips to
conceal our teeth,” ran one popular Victorian maxim, alluding to the fact that
before the birth of proper dentistry, mouths were often in a shocking state of
hygiene. A flashing set of healthy and clean, regular pearly whites' rare sight
in Victorian society, the preserve of the super-rich (and even then, dental
hygiene was not guaranteed).
A toothy grin
(especially when there were gaps or blackened teeth) lacked class: drunks,
tramps, prostitutes and buffoonish music hall performers might gurn and grin
with a smile as wide as Lewis Carroll's gum-exposing Cheshire Cat, but it was
not a becoming look for properly bred persons. Even Mark Twain, a man who
enjoyed a hearty laugh, said that when it came to photographic portraits there
could be "nothing more damning than a silly, foolish smile fixed
forever".
31.【题干】According to Paragraph 1, the author's posts on Twitter. _____
【选项】
A.changed people's
impression of the Victorians.
B.highlighted social
media's role in Victorian studies.
C.re-evaluated the
Victorians' notion of public image.
D.illustrated the
development of Victorian photography.
【答案】A
32.【题干】What does author say about the Victorian portraits he has collected?
_____
【选项】
A.They are in popular
use among historians.
B.They are rare among
photographs of that age.
C.They mirror 19th-century
social conventions.
D.They show effects of
different exposure times.
【答案】B
33.【题干】What might have kept the Victorians from smiling for pictures in the
1890s? _____
【选项】
A.Their inherent social
sensitiveness.
B.Their tension before
the camera.
C.Their distrust of new
inventions.
D.Their unhealthy
dental condition.
【答案】D
34.【题干】Mark Twain is quoted to show that the disapproval of smiles in
pictures was_____.
【选项】
A.a deep-root belief.
B.a misguided attitude.
C.a controversial view.
D.a thought-provoking idea.
【答案】A
35.【题干】Which of the following questions does the text answer?_____
【选项】
A.Why did most
Victorians look stern in photographs?
B.Why did the
Victorians start view photographs?
C.What made photography
develop slowly in the Victorian period?
D.How did smiling in
photographs become a post-Victorian norm?
【答案】A
From the early days of
broadband, advocates for consumers and web-based companies worried that the
cable and phone companies selling broadband connections had the power and
incentive to favor affiliated websites over their rivals. That's why there has
been such a strong demand for rules that would prevent broadband providers from
picking winners and losers online, preserving the freedom and innovation that
have been the lifeblood of the internet.
Yet that demand has
been almost impossible to fill-in part because of pushback from broadband
providers, anti-regulatory conservatives and the courts. A federal appeals
court weighed in again Tuesday, but instead of providing badly needed
resolution, it only prolonged the fight. At issue before the U. S. Court of
Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit was the latest take of the Federal
Communications Commission (FCC) on net neutrality, adopted on a party-line vote
in 2017. The Republican-penned order not only eliminated the strict net
neutrality rules the FCC had adopted when it had a Democratic majority in 2015,
but rejected the commission's authority to require broadband providers to do
much of anything. The order also declared that state and local governments
couldn't regulate broadband providers either.
The commission argued
that other agencies would protect against anti-competitive behavior, such as a
broadband-providing conglomerate like AT&T favoring its own video-streaming
service at the expense of Netflix and Apple TV. Yet the FCC also ended the
investigations of broadband providers that imposed data caps on their rivals'
streaming services but not their own.
On Tuesday, the appeals
court unanimously upheld the 2017 order deregulating broadband providers,
citing a Supreme Court ruling from 2005 that upheld a similarly deregulatory
move. But Judge Patricia Millett rightly argued in a concurring opinion that
“the result is unhinged from the realities of modern broadband service,” and
said Congress or the Supreme Court could intervene to "avoid trapping
Internet regulation in technological anachronism."
In the meantime, the
court threw out the FCC's attempt to block all state rules on net neutrality,
while preserving the commission's power to preempt individual state laws that
undermine its order. That means more battles like the one now going on between
the Justice Department and California, which enacted a tough net neutrality law
in the wake of the FCC's abdication.
The endless legal
battles and back-and-for at the FCC cry out for Congress to act. It needs to
give the commission explicit authority once and for all to bar broadband
providers from meddling in the traffic on their network and to create clear
rules protecting openness and innovation online.
36.【题干】There has long been concern that broadband provides would_____.
【选项】
A.bring web-based firms
under control.
B.slow down the traffic
on their network.
C.show partiality in
treating clients.
D.intensify competition
with their rivals.
【答案】C
37.【题干】Faced with the demand for net neutrality rules, the Fcc_____.
【选项】
A.Sticks to an
out-of-date order.
B.Takes an
anti-regulatory stance.
C.Has issued a special
resolution.
D.Has allowed the
states to intervene.
【答案】B
38.【题干】What can be learned about AT&T from Paragraph 3?
【选项】
A.It protects against
unfair competition.
B.It engages in
anti-competitive practices.
C.It is under the FCC's
investigation.
D.It is in pursuit of
quality service.
【答案】B
39.【题干】Judge Patricia Millett argues that the appeals court's decision_____.
【选项】
A.focuses on
trivialities.
B.conveys an ambiguous
message.
C.is at odds with its
earlier rulings.
D.is out of touch with
reality.
【答案】D
40.【题干】What does the author argue in the last paragraph?
【选项】
A.Congress needs to
take action to ensure net neutrality.
B.The FCC should be put
under strict supervision.
C.Rules need to be set
to diversify online services.
D.Broadband providers'
rights should be protected.
【答案】A
Section II
Reading Comprehension Part B
The following
paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to
reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list
A-G and filling them into the numbered boxes. Paragraphs C and F have been
correctly placed. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
In the movies and on
television, artificial intelligence is typically depicted as something sinister
that will upend our way of life. When it comes to AI in business, we often hear
about it in relation to automation and the impending loss of jobs, but in what
ways is AI changing companies and the larger economy that don’t involve
doom-and-mass unemployment predictions?
A recent survey of
manufacturing and service industries from Tata Consultancy Services found that
companies currently use Al more often in computer-to-computer activities than
in automating human activities. One common application? Preventing electronic
security breaches, which, rather than eliminating IT jobs, actually makes those
personnel more valuable to employers, because they help firms prevent hacking
attempts.
Here are a few other
ways AI is aiding companies without replacing employees:
Better hiring practices
Companies are using
artificial intelligence to remove some of the unconscious bias from hiring
decisions. "There are experiments that show that, naturally, the results
of interviews are much more biased than what AI does," says Pedro
Domingos, author of The Master Algorithm: How the Quest for the Ultimate
Learning Machine Will Remake Our World and a computer science _____(41)One
company that’s doing this is called Blendoor. It uses analytics to help
identify where there may be bias in the hiring process.
More effective
marketing
Some AI software can
analyze and optimize marketing email subject lines to increase open rates. One
company in the UK, Phrasee, claims their software can outperform humans by up
to 10 percent when it comes to email open rates. This can mean millions more in
revenue. _____(42)There are “tools that help people use data, not a replacement
for people,” says Patrick H. Winston, a professor of artificial intelligence
and computer science at MIT.
Saving customers money
Energy companies can
use AI to help customers reduce their electricity bills saving them money while
helping the environment. Companies can also optimize their own energy use and
cut down on the cost of electricity. Insurance companies meanwhile, can base
their premiums on AI models that more accurately access risk. "Before,
they might not insure the ones who felt like a high risk or charge them too
much," says Domingos, _____(43)
Improved accuracy
Machine learning often
provides a more reliable form of statistics, which makes data more
valuable," says Winston. It "helps people make smarter
decisions." _____(44)
Protecting and maintaining
infrastructure
A number of companies,
particularly in energy and transportation, use AI image processing technology
to inspect infrastructure and prevent equipment failure or leaks before they
happen. "If they fail first and then you fix them, it's very
expensive," says Domingos. _____(45)
[A] I replaces the
boring parts of your job. If you're doing research, you can have AI go out and
look for relevant sources and information that otherwise you just wouldn't have
time for.
[B] One accounting
firm, EY, uses an AI system that helps review contracts during an audit. This
process, along with employees reviewing the contracts, is faster and more
accurate.
[C] There are also
companies like Acquisio, which analyzes advertising performance across multiple
channels like Adwords, Bing and social media and makes adjustments or
suggestions about where advertising funds will yield best results.
[D] You want to predict
if something needs attention now and point to where it's useful for employees
to go to.
[E] Before, they might
not insure the ones who felt like a high risk or charge them too much, or they
would charge them too little and then it would cost [the company] money.
[F] We're also giving
our customers better channels versus picking up the phone to accomplish
something beyond human scale.
[G] AI looks at resumes
in greater numbers than humans would be able to, and selects the more promising
candidates.
41.【题干】41._____.
【选项】
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E
F.F
G.G
【答案】G
42.【题干】42._____.
【选项】
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E
F.F
G.G
【答案】C
43.【题干】43._____.
【选项】
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E
F.F
G.G
【答案】E
44.【题干】44._____.
【选项】
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E
F.F
G.G
【答案】B
45.【题干】45._____.
【选项】
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E
F.F
G.G
【答案】D
Section III
Translation
Directions:
Read the following text
carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your
translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
World war was the
watershed event for higher education in modern Western societies(46)Those
societies came out of the war with levels of enrollment that had been roughly
constant at 3-5% of the relevant age groups during the decades before the war.
But after the war, great social and political changes arising out of the
successful war against Fascism created a growing demand in European and American
economies for increasing numbers of graduates with more than a secondary school
education.(47)And the demand that rose in those societies for entry to higher
education extended to groups and social classes that had not thought of
attending a university before the war. These demands resulted in a very rapid
expansion of the systems of higher education, beginning in the 1960s and
developing very rapidly (though unevenly) during the 1970s and 1980s.
The growth of higher
education manifests itself in at least three quite different ways, and these in
turn have given rise to different sets of problems. There was first the rate of
growth:(48)in many counties of Western Europe, the numbers of students in
higher education doubled within five-year periods during the 1960s and doubled
again in seven, eight or 10 years by the middle of the 1970s. Second growth
obviously affected the absolute size both of systems and individual
institutions. And third growth was reflected in changes in the proportion of
the relevant age group enrolled in institutions of higher education.
Each of these
manifestations of growth carried its own peculiar problems in its wake/ For
example, a high growth rate placed great strains on the existing structures of
governance, of administration, and above all of socialization. When a faculty
or department grows from, say, five to 20 members within three or four
years,(49)and when the new staff predominantly young men and women fresh from
postgraduate study, they largely define the norms of academic life in that
faculty. And if the postgraduate student population also grows rapidly and
there is loss of a close apprenticeship relationship between faculty members
and students, the student culture becomes the chief socializing force for new
postgraduate students, with consequences for the intellectual and academic life
of the institution-this was seen in America as well as in France, Italy, West
Germany, and Japan.(50)High growth rates increased the chances for academic
innovation, they also weakened the forms and processes by which teachers and
students are admitted into a community of scholars during periods of stability
or slow growth. In the 1960s and 1970s,
European universities
saw marked changes in their governance arrangements, with empowerment of junior
faculty and to some degree of students as well.
46.【题干】Those societies came out of the war with levels of enrollment that
had been roughly constant at 3-5% of the relevant age groups during the decades
before the war.
【答案】战争结束后，一些社会随之出现了。这些社会的入学率在战前的几十年里一直保持在相关年龄段的3%-5%。
【解析】come out of…由……产生，从……出来;enrollment入学，登记;decades数十年。
47.【题干】And the demand that rose in those societies for entry to higher
education extended to groups and social classes that had not thought of
attending a university before the war.
【答案】在那些社会中，人们渴望接受到更高等的教育。这个需求延伸到了战前那些没有想过上大学的群体和社会阶层中。
【解析】rose：rise的过去式“上升”;attend上大学。
48.【题干】in many counties of Western Europe, the numbers of students in
higher education doubled within five-year periods during the 1960s and doubled
again in seven, eight or 10 years by the middle of the 1970s.
【答案】在西欧的许多国家，20世纪60年代，接受高等教育的学生人数在五年内翻了一番，到70年代中期，在七年，八年或十年里又翻了一番。
【解析】double作动词，“翻倍”。
49.【题干】and when the new staff predominantly young men and women fresh from
postgraduate study, they largely define the norms of academic life in that
faculty.
【答案】当新员工主要是刚毕业的年轻男女时，他们很大程度上定义了该学院学术生活的规范。
【解析】predominantly主要地，以……为主;fresh新进的;norms标准，规范;faculty学院，系。
50.【题干】High growth rates increased the chances for academic innovation,
they also weakened the forms and processes by which teachers and students are
admitted into a community of scholars during periods of stability or slow
growth.
【答案】高增长率增加了学术创新的机会,同时也削弱了教师和学生在稳定或缓慢的成长过程中,被认可为学者这群体的形式和过程。
【解析】academic
innovation学术创新;weakened削弱，减少;admit承认，认可。
Section IV
Writing
Part A (10 points)
【题干】Directions:
A foreign friend of
yours has recently graduated from college and intends to find a job in China.
Write him/her an email to make some suggestions.
You should write about
100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.
Do not sign your own name
at the end. Use "Li Ming Open" instead.
You do not need to
write the address.
【答案】Dear friend,
Hope this letter finds
you well I am glad to hear you intend to find a job in China, so I would like
to extend my warmest welcome as well as provide you with a few suggestions on
job-hunting.
First, you can start
from listing 3 to 5 cities which you would like to work or live in To be more
specific, rate them by location, working opportunities and prospects and, of
course the city's happiness level. What's more, be prepared for the culture
shock. There is a sharp contrast in how eastern people and western people work.
The former prefers working individually while the latter is prone to teamwork.
There is one more point that, I suppose I have to touch on: make good use of
online job-hunting applications, such as BOSS and 51Job.
I hope you will find my
humble suggestions be of help. I am looking forward to your reply. Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Ming
Part B (15 points)
【题干】Directions:
Write an essay of
160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should
1) describe the drawing
briefly,
2) explain its intended
meaning, and then
3) give your comments.
You should write neatly
on ANSWER SHEET 2.
【答案】What is
graphically and explicitly depicted in the simple yet eye-catching drawing is
that on the ground stands a father, who is having a talk with his son.
Impressively, at second glance, it is not difficult to observe that the boy,
dressed in a traditional Chinese costume, expresses his concern about studying
drama, while his father offer some words of encouragement.
Without a doubt, no boy
who was born and raised in China could be ignorant that China is an ancient
nation with a long history and splendid traditional culture. Traditional
dramas, like Peking opera, are the national essence of our culture, which are
not only part of the national heritage, but also part of a living and
continuing culture. However, traditional culture has been subject to the impact
and damage caused by network culture. It is a not uncommon occurrence that
quite a few people show too little enthusiasm for traditional dramas. Instead,
they are more than willing to follow the popular culture.
While popular culture
is completely transforming people's thoughts and ways of thinking, we are
supposed to cherish the roots of national culture and build cultural
confidence. Accordingly, it is my view that national culture should be
preserved and cherished as priceless spiritual treasure.
参考阅读：
2021-22考研英语.政治.数学.经济类管理类联考综合.统考专业课.名师视频课程8折优惠
2020年硕士研究生考试综述: 2021研究生学历如何轻松拿下
专科生,研究生和你渐行渐远:国家承认的5种本科学历样本获取途径
